Business Insights · Updated October 2026

Business Insights: compliance and quality models, one short read at a time.

This is where I publish short explanations of the models behind compliance and quality work, with the sources shown. Each takes about a minute to read. Each uses a real company case and ends with a question for your own organisation. So far there are forty, twenty from each of two books.

Browse by book

I have given each book a page of its own. The posts stay together that way, and new ones go in the same place.

Cover of Key Compliance Models by Stefan Gauci Scicluna

Compliance and risk · 20 posts

Key Compliance Models

Here you will find the Three Lines Model, COSO, ISO 31000 and the Risk Appetite Framework. You will also find bowtie analysis, the Fraud Triangle, Just Culture and conduct risk. I have put each one next to the corporate case that shows why it exists. HSBC and WorldCom are in there, with Wells Fargo and the banks that sold PPI.

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Cover of Key Quality Models by Stefan Gauci Scicluna

Quality assurance · 20 posts

Key Quality Models

Here you will find PDCA, Deming’s 14 Points and the Juran Trilogy. ISO 9001, EFQM, Baldrige, CMMI and Six Sigma are here too. Each is told through a company that used it well, or one that paid for ignoring it. Toyota, Ford, Boeing and Cadbury all appear.

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Six to start with

If you are short of time, these are the six I would read first. Three deal with control and risk. The other three deal with quality.

The Three Lines Model: Business, compliance and audit: three separate lines

Key Compliance Models

The Three Lines Model

Three teams were watching the risk. All three had gone slack at the same time. That is the HSBC story in one line.

1 min read
ISO 9001: Say what you do, do what you say, and prove it

Key Quality Models

ISO 9001

Say what you do. Do what you say. Show the evidence. Put right what goes wrong, so it stays put right.

1 min read
The Risk Appetite Framework: Turning appetite from a slogan into a hard constraint

Key Compliance Models

The Risk Appetite Framework

RBS confused capacity with appetite. Which is another way of saying it was willing to bet its own existence.

1 min read
PDCA, the Deming Cycle: Plan, Do, Check, Act: the Deming Cycle

Key Quality Models

PDCA, the Deming Cycle

Most people change how they work and never check if it helped. They just move on. Next month, the same problem is back.

1 min read
The Fraud Triangle: Pressure, opportunity and rationalisation

Key Compliance Models

The Fraud Triangle

Miss the numbers, and you were coached, then written up, then gone. So staff made the numbers.

1 min read
The process approach: Manage the flow across departments, not the boxes

Key Quality Models

The process approach

Terminal 5, March 2008. Every single part had been built well. What failed was the way the parts joined up.

1 min read

All forty posts

Key Compliance Models

Governance, risk, control and conduct.

Key Quality Models

Improvement methods, standards and excellence frameworks.

Why I publish these

Knowing the model is the easy part

Many of the cases in these posts have one thing in common. The firm had heard of the right model, and often had it written into a policy. What nobody had done was ask the awkward question it was written to raise. That is why every post ends with that question. If your honest answer worries you, start there. It is also the sort of gap a Diagnostic is built to find.

The books have the longer versions, with every model and every case. In advisory work on compliance management and quality assurance I apply the same models to one organisation at a time.

Common questions

What is Business Insights?

It is the part of this site where I publish short explanations of the models that compliance and quality work rests on. One post covers one model. Each uses a real company case and takes about a minute to read. I have grouped the posts by the book they come from.

Who writes the posts?

I do. They are taken from two of my books, Key Compliance Models and Key Quality Models. Each one was checked against published sources before it went up.

How are the facts checked?

In October 2026 the figures, and the statements about named companies, were checked against published sources. Documents from regulators, courts, inquiries and standards bodies were used wherever they existed. Some figures turned out to be out of date or not quite right, and those posts were corrected. The sources are listed under each one.

How often are new posts added?

Each book has its own page, and I add new posts to those pages from time to time. Look at the date at the top of a page to see when it last changed.

These posts reflect my own analysis, with sources shown. They are general explanation and not advice on your situation.

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